Debian Gnu/Linux 2
-Áß°£ ¼öÁØÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ dpkg-
1997³â 11¿ù¸®´ª½º ¿ùµå ±â»ç
¹ÚÁÖ¿¬ / ³ª¿ì´©¸® ¸®´ª½º µ¿È£È¸ ½Ã¼¥
Áö³ È£¿¡¼´Â µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀÇ dselect ¸Þ´º
½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ÅëÇØ ¿øÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ìÆ캸¾Ò´Ù °³³ä»ó ¾Ë¾ÆµÎ¾î¾ßÇÒ
ºÎºÐÀÌ ¸¹¾Æ¼ ºñ±³Àû ¾î·Æ°Ô ´À²¸Á³À»Áöµµ ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù. À̹øÈ£¿¡¼´Â µ¥ºñ¾È ¸Þ´º
½Ã½ºÅÛÀÎ dselect ÀÇ µÚ¿¡¼ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³Ä¡/ Ãß°¡ /»èÁ¦¸¦ ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇàÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÎ
dpkg¿Í ±× ºÎ¼Ó ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â·Î ÇÑ´Ù dpkg´Â ·¹µåÇÞ ¸®´ª½º ¹èÆ÷º»ÀÇ
rpm°ú ±× ¿ªÇÒÀÌ ºñ½ÁÇϸç rpm°ú ±× ¿ªÇÒÀÌ ºñ½ÁÇϸç rpm°ú ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© dpkg ´Â ¼±ÅÃ
»çÇ×ÀÌ ¸¹°í À¯¿¬ÇÏ¸ç ±â´ÉÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇÏ´Ù ´Ù¸¥ Ãø¸é¿¡¼ º»´Ù¸é ,ºñ±³Àû º¹ÀâÇÑ
±â´ÉµéÀÌ ¸¹´Ù°íµµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ú´Ù.
ÇÊÀÚ´Â ÀÚµ¿ ÀÀ´ä Àüȱ⸦ »êÁö 2³âÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥ ¾ÆÁ÷ ÀÚµ¿ÀÀ´ä ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ³ìÀ½ÇØ
º» Àûµµ ¾ø°í Áý ¹Ù±ù¿¡¼ ºÎÀçÁß¿¡ ¿Â ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ µéÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô²û ¸¸µé¾îÁø ÀÚµ¿ ÀÀ´ä
ÀüȱâÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ º»ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù ÀüÈ´Â Àß °É¸®°í Àß ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸é Àüȱâ¶ó°í
»ý°¢ÇÏ´Â ÇÊÀÚ¶ó¼ ±×·±Áöµµ ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µéµµ Àüȱ⸦ ±×·¸°Ô
»ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê³ª »ý°¢µÈ´Ù ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î dpkgÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¼±Åà »çÇ׿¡¼ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸î
°¡ÁöÀÇ »çÇ×À¸·Î Å« ºÒÆí¾øÀÌ µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ ./Ãß°¡ ./»èÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù
ÀÌ ¹øÈ£¿¡¼´Â ÀÚÁÖ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ³»¿ë°ú ±×¸® ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌÁö´Â ¾ÊÁö¸¸ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëµÇ´Â
¼±Åà »çÇ×µéÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇÏ¿© ´Ù·ò º¼ °ÍÀÌ´Ù ÇÊÀÚµµ Ãʱ⿡´Â ±× ¸¹Àº ¸í·ÉÀ» ¸ô¶óµµ
µÉ °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çß¾ú´Âµ¥ Çϳª Çϳª ¾Ë¾Æ°¡´Ï ±×¸¸Å ÆíÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯¸é
dpkgÀÇ ±â´É¿¡ ´ëÇؼ »ìÆ캸µµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ.
deb ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ±¸Á¶¿Í Çü½Ä
deb ÆÄÀÏÀÇ À̸§Àº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
foo_VVV-RRR_AAA.deb
foo: File name
VVV: Version number
RRR: Revision number
AAA: Architecture name
foo´Â ÆÄÀϸíÀÌ´Ù ÀÌ°÷¿¡´Â gimp, passwd lpr elm pine smail sendmail µîÀÇ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â À̸§ÀÌ µé¾î°£´Ù ÆÄÀϸíÀº º¸Åë ¿µ¹®ÀÚ¿Í ¼ýÀÚ ±×¸®°í ƯÀÌÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ±âÈ£¹®ÀÚ('-'³ª'+') ·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö¸ç º¸Åë ¼Ò½º ´ÜÀ§·Î ¿ø ÀúÀÛÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹èÆ÷µÇ´Â À̸§ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ³ª °£È¤ Ä¿´Ù¶õ ¼Ò½ºÀÏ °æ¿ì ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ³ª´µ¾îÁ® ÇϳªÀÇ ¼Ò½º¿¡¼ ¿©·¯ °³ÀÇ debÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ »ý¼ºµÉ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ (multiple package·Î º¸Åë xfree86À̳ª emacs pine, teTeXµî ) À̸§ÀÌ Á¶±Ý¾¿ ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù ±×·¯³ª ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» Àß ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À̸§À¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁö¸é ³ª¸§´ë·ÎÀÇ 'de facto standard' ·Î ±»¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
VVV´Â ¹öÀü¹øÈ£ÀÌ´Ù. ¿ª½Ã ¿ø ¼Ò½º ¹èÆ÷ÀÚ°¡ ¸¸µé¾î³½ ¹öÀü¹øÈ£¸¦ µû¸£°Ô µÇ¸ç . Ä¿³ÎÀÇ °æ¿ì 2.0.29, 2.0.30.µîÀÇ ¹öÀü¹øÈ£ GNU C ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ÀÇ °æ¿ì 2.7.2.1., 2.7.2.3 µîÀÇ ¹öÀü¹øÈ£¸¦ º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù ±×·¯³ª ²À ¼ýÀڷθ¸ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï°í ¼Ò½º¹èÆ÷ÀÚ°¡ ¹öÀü¹øÈ£¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô ºÙÀÌ´À³Ä¿¡ ´Þ·Á Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Ç¥ÁØÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤ÇØ ³õÀº °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù ¹öÀü ¹øÈ£´Â ¼ýÀÚ°¡ ¿ì¼±µÇ¸ç ¼ýÀÚ¿¡ Ãß°¡µÇ¾î ¼Ò½ºÀÇ ÆÐÄ¡µî¿¡ µû¶ó ¿µ¹®ÀÚ°¡ Ãß°¡µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç . Dot('.')ÀÌ Çã¿ëµÈ´Ù.
RRRÀº ¸®ºñ Àü(Revision) ¹øÈ£·Î ¿ø ¼Ò½ºÀÇ ¹öÁ¯¾÷ ¾øÀÌ µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ º¸¾È¹®Á¦ , ½© ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®ÀÇ º¯È ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ÀÇÁ¸¼ºº¯È ȤÀº »õ·Î¿î ¼Ò½ºÀÇ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³À» ¶§ º¯ÈÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. 1¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© º¸Åë Á¤¼ö·Î º¯ÈÇÏ¸ç °£È¤ ¼Ò¼öÁ¡ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵDZ⵵ Çϳª Á¤¼ö·Î º¯ÈÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Ç¥ÁØÀÌ´Ù.
AAA´Â ¹ÙÀ̳ʸ® ÆÄÀÏÀÇ »ý¼º Ç÷§ÆûÀ» Àû¾îÁØ´Ù º¸Åë ¹èÆ÷µÉ ¶§¿¡´Â binary-{i386, powerpc, sparc, alpha, m68k}µîÀÇ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ µû·Î ÀúÀåµÇ¹Ç·Î ¾ÆÅ°ÅØóÀÇ ¸íÀ» »ý·«Çϳª ½ÇÁ¦ ÆÐÅ°Áö »ý¼º ¶§´Â ¸í½ÃµÈ´Ù i386, powerpc, sparc, alpha, m68k°¡ À¯È¿ÇÑ ¸íÀÌ°í Ç÷§Æû¿¡ »ó°ü¾øÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö(µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ® ¼¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ÆÞ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® µî)ÀÏ °æ¿ì allÀÌ »ý¼º Ç÷§ÆûÀ¸·Î ±âÀçµÈ´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾îº¸ÀÚ
libc5_5.4.33-7_I386.deb
À§ÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â libc5 ¶ó´Â À̸§À» °¡Áø ÆÐÅ°Áö·Î ¹öÀü¹øÈ£´Â 5.4.3.3.ÀÌ°í µ¥ºñ¾È °³Á¤¹øÈ£ (revision number)´Â 7 À̸ç ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó´Â i386 °è¿ÀÇ ÇÁ·Î¼¼¼ÀÌ´Ù.
manapages_1.17-3_all.deb
À§ÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â manapages ¶ó´Â À̸§À» °¡Áø ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÌ´Ù À̸§¿¡¼ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖµí, man ÆäÀÌÁö·Î µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·Î¼¼¼¿Í »ó°ü¾ø´Â Ç÷§Æû¿¡ µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ (platform-Independent) ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÌ´Ù ¹öÀü¹øÈ£´Â 1.17 ÀÌ°í µ¥ºñ¾È °³Á¤¹øÈ£ ( revision number) ´Â 3ÀÌ¸ç ¾î¶² Ç÷§Æû¿¡¼µµ °øÅëÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÌ´Ù.
·¹µåÇÞ ÆÐÅ°Áö¿Í ºñ±³ÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
rar-2.00-3beta.i386.rpm
À§ÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ·¹µåÇÞ ÆÐÅ°Áö·Î ÆÐÅ°Áö À̸§Àº rarÀÌ°í ¹öÀü¹øÈ£´Â 2.00ÀÌ¸ç °³Á¤¹øÈ£´Â 3betaÀÌ´Ù ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó´Â i386 ÀÌ´Ù ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸íÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
º¸Åë ¹èÆ÷º» ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡´Â ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó¸íÀÌ »ý·«µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÇöÀç ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó¿¡¼ µ¹¾Æ°¡´ÂÁö ¾Ë ¼ö ¾øÀ» ¶§µµ ÀÖ´Ù dpkg´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô²û ÇØÁØ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é Áö±ÝºÎÅÍ dpkgÀÇ ¿É¼ÇÀ» Çϳª Çϳª »ìÆì°¡¸ç ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »ç¿ë¹ýÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº¸µµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ .
dpkg¿¡¼ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀ» ¸î °¡Áö ¿¹·Î µé¸é¼ ±× »ç¿ë¹ýÀ» ÀÍÇô º¸µµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ
dpkg - help
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº dbkg¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¸ðµç ¿É¼ÇÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. ¿É¼ÇÀÇ Ãâ·Â ³»¿ëÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Çü½ÄÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Usage:
dbkg -i| -install <.deb file name>... | -R|-recursive <dir>...
dbkg -unpack <.deb file name>... | -R|-recursive <dir>...
dbkg -A| -record-avail <.deb file name>... | -R|-recursive <dir>...
dbkg -configure <.deb file name>... | -a|-pending
dbkg -r| -remove |-purge <.deb file name>... | -a|-pending
dbkg -get-selection[<pattern>..] get list of selections to stdout
dbkg -set-selection set package selections from stbin
dbkg -update-avail <Package-file> replace available package info
dbkg -merge-avail <Package-file> merge with info from file
dbkg -clear-avail erase existing available info
dbkg -forget old unavail forget unistalled unavailable pkgs
dbkg -s| -status <Package-file> display package status details
dbkg -print-avail <Package-file> display available version details
dbkg -L|-listfiles <Package-file> list files owned' by package(s)
dbkg -I|-list [<pattern>] list packages concisely
dbkg -S|-search <pattern> find package(s) owning file(s)
dbkg -C|-audit check for broken package(s)
dbkg -print-architecture print target architecture(uses GCC)
dbkg -print-gnu-bulid-arch-architecture print GNU version of target arch
dbkg -print installation-architecture print host architecture (for inst'n))
dbkg -compare-versions <a> <rel> <b> compareversion number- see below
dbkg -help |-version show this help /version number
dbkg -force -help |-Dh |-debug=help help on forcing resp. debugging
dbkg -licence print copyright licencing terms
Use dpkg -b |-bulit |-c |-contents| -e | -control| -l | -info | -f |-field |
-x | -extract | -X |-vextract | -fsys-tarfiles on archives (type dpkg-deb-help.)
For intermal use : dpkg -assert-support-predenpends | predep-package |
-assert-working-epoch
Options :
-admindir =<directory> Use <directoty> instead of /var/lib/dpkg
-root= <directory> Install on alternative system rooted elsewhere
-instdir=<directory> Change inst'n root without chageing admin dir
-O|-selection-only Skip packages not selected for install/upgrade
-E|-skip-same-version Skip packages whose same version in installed
-G=-refuse-downgrade Skip packages with earlier version than installed
-B|-auto-deconfigure Install even if it would break some other package
--large mem | smallmem Optinise for large (>4Mb) or small (<4Mb) RAM use
--No-act Just say what we would do - don't do it
-D | -deug =<octal> Enable debugging- see Dhelp or - debug=help
--ignore-depends=(packages)... Ignore dependencies involving (pagkage)
--force-.. Override Problem- see --force-help
--no-force-,,,|-refuse-..Stop when problem encountered
Comparison operators for - compare-version are:
It le eq ne ge gt (treat no version as earlier than any version );
It-nl le-nl ge-nl gt-nl (treat no version as later than any version );
< << <==>=>> > (only for compatibility with control file syntax).
Use dselect for user-friendly package management.
¿É¼ÇÀÌ ³Ê¹« ¸¹´Ù°í Áú¸®Áö ¸»ÀÚ Àüȱ⿡
±â´ÉÀÌ ¸¹¾Æµµ ´Ù »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Ç ¾Æ´ÏÁö ¾Ê´Â°¡ , °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²´Â ¸î °¡Áö ¸¸ ¾Ë¸é
ÀÌ¿ë¿¡ Å«ÁöÀåÀº ¾ø´Ù (ÁöÀåÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â À̾߱⵵ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ú´Ù.)
±×³É dpkg¸¸ ó ³ÖÀ¸¸é ¾î¶² ÇൿÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö Ä£ÀýÇÏ°Ô dpkg°¡ ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù.
dpkg : need an auction potion
Type dpkg -help for help about installing and deinstalling
packages [*];
Use dselect for user-friendly package management;
Type dpkg -Dhelp for a list of dpkg debug flag values;
Type dpkg -force-help for list of forcing options;
Type dbkg-deb -help for help about manipulating *.deb files
Type dpkg -licence for copyright licence and lack of warranty
(GNU GPL) [*]
Option marked [produce a lot of output - pipe it through less' or more'!
dpkg¸¦ Ä¡¸é Ä£ÀýÇÏ°Ô dselect¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̹ø¿¡ dpkg¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹è¿ï °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ dpkgÀÇ ±Ç°í¸¦ »ç¾çÇÏÀÚ
ÀÌ -info ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÁÖ¸é ƯÁ¤ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ Á¤º¸´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö ³»ºÎÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â debian/controlÆÄÀÏÀ» ȸ鿡 Ãâ·Â½ÃÄÑ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÌÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ À̸§ ±×¸®°í ÀÇÁ¸¼º°ü°è Ãæµ¹¿©ºÎ µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ±â·ÏÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù ´ÙÀ½È£¿¡ ´Ù·ê µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸¸µé±â¾Ö¼ ´Ù·òÁú ³»¿ëÀ̱⵵ÇÏ´Ù Ãâ·Â¿¹¸¦ »ìÆ캸ÀÚ
$dpkg -info xbase_3.3-7.deb
new debian package_3.3-7.deb
size 2205438 bytes: control archive = 3892 bytes.
476 bytes, 22 lines conffiles
880 bytes, 19 lines control
5066 bytes, 227 lines *postinst #!/bin/sh
136 bytes, 8 lines postrm #!/bin/sh
4179 bytes, 147 lines preinst #!/bin/sh
146 bytes 11 lines prerm #!/bin/sh
Package: xbase
Version:3.3-7
Architecture: i386
Depends: cpp,libc6, ncurses3.4, xlib6g (>=3.3-5)
Recommends:xserver-vga16 |xsever
Conflicts :xstd. xterm-color
Replaces:xstd,xterm-color
Install -Size : 5709
Maintainer : Mark.W.Eichin <eichin@kitten.gen.ma.us>
Source: Xfree86
Description : Local clients and configuration repqured by X
This package contains the basic X11R6 distribution .It includes the
basic clients and configuration files lt does not provide a
server-servers for several different video cards are includes in
separate packages. This package also does not include the shared libraries ;
for these you must install are installed along with this package,
it provides a functional X Windows System installation , For a more
complete installation you can install the "xcontrib' package.
À§¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ »ìÆ캸¸é ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ¼³Ä¡µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº »õ·Î¿î µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÓÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸®¹øÈ£ Çü½Ä ¹øÈ£´Â 2.0 ÀÌ´Ù. (ÀÌ °ü¸® Çü½Ä¹øÈ£´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ º¯È¿¡ µû¶ó Á¤ÇÏ¿© Áö¸ç ÇöÀç¿¡´Â 2.2.0.0ÀÌ °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌ¸ç µ¥ºñ¾È v2.0¿¡¼´Â 2.3.0.0ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù ) ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ Å©±âµµ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±× ¾Æ·¡¿¡´Â conffiles, control. postinst postrm, preinst, prerm ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸°¡ ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°Áö ³»ºÎ¿¡¼ ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡./Ãß°¡/»èÁ¦¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¼¿ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®·Î ±× ¿ªÇÒÀº ¸Å¿ì Å«µ¥ conffiles´Â /etc µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÀúÀåµÇ´Â ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯´Â ÃßÈÄ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ °»½ÅÀ̳ª À缳ġ ȤÀº »èÁ¦½Ã ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ» Áö¿ì°Å³ª µ¤¾î ¾º¿ìÁö(overwrite) ¾Ê°í ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¾÷±×·¹ÀÌµå °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô²û ÇØÁÖµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§Çؼ ÀÌ´Ù ±×¸®°í postinst´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ÇØ´ç µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Ç®¾î ³õÀº ÈÄ ¿¡ ½ÇÇàµÉ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®À̸ç postrmÀº ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§ ÇØ´ç µð·ºÅ丮ÀÇ °ü·ÃÆÄÀÏÀ» »èÁ¦ÇÑ ÈÄ ½ÇÇ൵¸® ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®ÀÌ´Ù preinst´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ÇØ´ç µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Ç®±â Àü¿¡ ½ÇÇàµÉ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®ÀÌ°í prermÀº ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ÇØ´ç µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼ »èÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§ °ü·ÃÆÄÀÏÀ» »èÁ¦Çϱâ Àü ½ÇÇàµÇ´Â ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®ÀÌ´Ù ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½ È£¿¡¼ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ´Ù·ç±â·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
Package : ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ºÎºÐÀº control ÆÄÀÏ ³»ÀÇ Á¤º¸·Î ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ À̸§ ¹öÀü¹øÈ£ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó, ÀÇÁ¸°ü°è , ¼³¸í µîÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù. À̸¦ È®ÀÎÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÇöÀç ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¾î´À °÷¿¡ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀÌ°í ¾î¶² ÆÐÅ°Áö¿Í °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÅëÇØ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù --install Àº -i¿Í ¶È°°´Ù ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÃßÈÄ¿¡ ¼³¸íÇÒ --unpack°ú --configure ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷À» ¸ðµÎ ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¸íÀº º¹¼ö·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, º¹¼ö·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â º¹¼öÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¸ðµÎ unpack ÇÑ ÈÄ ÇѲ¨¹ø¿¡ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀÌ¸ç °¡Àå ´çȲÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¿É¼ÇÀ̱⵵ÇÏ´Ù ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇÒ ¶§ÀÇ Ãâ·Â ¿¹¸¦ »ìÆ캸ÀÚ
$dpkg - install ncfto 2.4.2-1.deb
(Reading database...28404 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking ncftp(from ncftp_2.4.2-1.deb)...
Setting up ncftp (2.4.2-1)...
$
À§´Â ncftpÀÇ ¼³Ä¡ ȸéÀÌ´Ù. ¼³Ä¡°¡ ½ÃÀÛµÇ¸é ¿ì¼±-unpack¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ¿© ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ unpackingÇÏ°í ±×¸®°í ³ ÈÄ --configure ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÅëÇØ ¼Â¾÷ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ µû¶ó preinst , postinst°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÇØ´ç ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®°¡ ¼³Á¤ ¶§¿¡ ½ÇÇàµÇ¾î Setting up ¶§ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ×À» ¹°¾î ¿Ã ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
$ dpkg -i inn_1.5.1.4.deb inewsinn_1.5.1-4.deb
(Read database ...28592 files and directories currently installed)
Unpacking inn(from inn_1.5.1-4.deb)...
Unpaking inewsin(1.5.1-4)
Setting up inn (1.5.1-4)...
**INN news server return mail name's of your system . This is the hostname portion of the address to be shown on outgoing news (not mail) messages.
Return mail name [doit.ajou.ac.kr]:
ÀÌÇÏ »ý·«
À§¿¡ ¿¹Ã³·³ º¹¼ö°³ÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸í½ÃÇϸé ÆÐÅ°Áö µÎ °³°¡ Çѹø¿¡ Unpacking µÈÈÄ Setting up µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â inn ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼Â¾÷ ¶§ ¸î °¡Áö ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ×À» ¹°¾î¿À´Â °ÍÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
dpkg -unpack foo_VVV-RRR.deb
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼Â¾÷¸¸ ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» »Ó --install ¿É¼Ç°ú °°´Ù ±×·¯³ª ÁÖÀÇÇÒ »çÇ×Àº ÆÐÅ°Áö ³»ºÎÀÇ preinst ´Â -unpack ¿É¼Ç¿¡¼ ÀÌ¹Ì ½ÇÇàµÈ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù --unpack ¿É¼ÇÀº ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¿©ºÎ ¹Ù·Î Àü±îÁö ÇàÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸¼º °ü°è¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ Àü ¿ì¼± unpack ÇØ ³õ°í ÃßÈÄ¿¡ ÇÔ²² ¼Â¾÷ ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ÇÒ ¶§ Æí¸®ÇÏ´Ù.
dpkg --configure foo
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº unpack ÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼Â¾÷ÇÑ´Ù ¾ö¹ÐÈ÷ ¸»Çϸé ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ postinst ÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼Â¾÷ÇÑ´Ù. ¾ö¹ÐÈ÷ ¸»Çϸé ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ postinst¸¦ ½ÇÇà½ÃÅ°°Ô µÈ´Ù À̶§ ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¿©ºÎ°Ë»çµîÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸ç ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸é ¿¡·¯°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. ÁÖÀÇÇÒ Á¡Àº --configure´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¿À´Â °ÍÀº ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ Ç®³×ÀÓÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ´ÜÀÏ À̸§ À̶ó´Â Á¡À» ¾Ë¾ÆµÎÀÚ Áï inn_1.5.1-4.debÀ̶ó¸é ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ´ÜÀÏ À̸§ÀÎ inn¸¸À» ±âÀçÇÏ¿© ÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù.
dpkg--content foo_VVV-RRR.deb
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÅëÇØ ÆÐÅ°Áö ³»ºÎÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Ãâ·Â ¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/bin
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 184724 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/bin/slrn
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/sbin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 9365 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/sbin/slrnconfig
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 483 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/sbin/slrn_getdescs
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 41832 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/sbin/slrnpull
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/man/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/man/man1
-rw-r--r-x root/root 12828 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/man/man1/slrn.1.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/doc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 1997-10-02 02:02 usr/dos/slrn
ÀÌÇÏ»ý·«
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé ÆÐÅ°Áö ³»ºÎÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ÆÄÀϸ¸À» ÃßÃâÇØ ³¾ ¶§ À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù À̸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼³Ä¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¹ÙÀ̳ʸ®¸¸ ÃßÃâÇØ ³¾ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Å×½ºÆ® ¿ëÀ¸·Î ƯÁ¤ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ Ç®¾î³¾ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ÆÄÀÏ¸í¿¡´Â ´ÜÀÏÇÑ ÆÄÀϸíÀ̳ª ¿ÍÀϵå Ä«µå¸¦ ÅëÇØ ´ÙÁßÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÃßÃâÇØ ³¾ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÁÖÀÇÇÒ »çÇ×Àº ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¸íÀº dpkg-contents foo_VVV-RRR.deb¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© º¼¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö ³»ºÎÀÇ ÆÄÀϸíÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ ¿¹¸¦ º¸ÀÚ
$ dpkg -fsys-tarfile slrn_0.9.4.3-1.deb | tar-xf-usr/bin/slrn
ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çϸé {ÇöÀç µð·ºÅ丮}/usr/bin ¿¡ slrnÆÄÀÏÀÌ Ç®·Á Á® ³ª¿ÈÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº foo ¶ó´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ »èÁ¦Çϳª ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀº »èÁ¦ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¼³Ä¡µÈ foo ¶ó´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù --remove ¿Í ´Ù¸¥ Á¡Àº ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀϵµ »èÁ¦ÇØÁØ´Ù. ÃßÈÄ¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé foo ¶ó´Â À̸§À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡»óȲÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¿© ÁØ´Ù. ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡µÈ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ »Ì¾Æ³»°Å³ª ƯÁ¤ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾ú´ÂÁö¿¡ ¿©ºÎ ±×¸®°í ÇöÀç ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³Ä¡Á¤µµ¸¦ ÆľÇÇÒ ¶§ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Sun »çÀÇ Solaris ¿¡¼ÀÇ pkginfo ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù.
Ãâ·Â¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
$ dpkg--list libc5-* libc6-*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remover/Purge
|Status=Not/installed/Config-files/Unpacked/failed-config/Half-installed
|/Err?=(none) /Hold/Reinst-required/X=both-problems(Ststus,Err:
uppercase=bad)
|| / Name Version Description
pn libc5-altdbg <none> (no description available)
ii libc5-altdev 5.4.33.7 The Linux C library version 5(alternative d
un libc5-dev <none> (no description available)
un libc5-pic <none> (no description available)
pn libc5-dbg <none> (no description available)
ii libc6-dev 2.0.2c-0.1 (The Gnu C library version 2 (development fil
ii libc6-dev 2.0.4-1 (The Gnu C library version 2 (documentation f
pn libc6-pic <none> (no description available)
$
À§ÀÇ Ãâ·Â ¿¹´Â libc5¿Í libc6¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¿©ºÎ¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æº¸°Ô µÈ´Ù ȸ鿡¼ º¸¸é ±× ³»¿ëÀ» ½±°Ô ÁüÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸®¶ó º»´Ù.
½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÈ ¸ðµç ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³Ä¡»óȲÀ» º¸·Á¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
$dpkg --list
Desired= UnKnow/Install/Remove/Purge
|Status=Not/Install/Config-files/Unpacked/Failed-config/Half-Installed
|/Err?=(none)/Hold/Reinst-required/X=both-problems (Status.Err:
uppercase=bed)
|| /Name Version Description
+++-===========================================================
ii acct 6.3-1 The GNU Accounting untities.
ii acroreda 3.0-1 Adobe Portable Document Forment files viewer
ii adduser 3.7 Add user and groups to the system.
ii adjtimex 1.3-2 utilty to display or set the kernel time va
ii ae 962-15 Anthony's Editor - a tiny full-screen edito
ii afterstep-i18n 1.0-3 A window manager with the NEXTSTEP look and
ii alien 5.18 Install Red Hat ad slackware Package with
ii apache 1.2.4-2 Versatile, high-performance HTTP server
ii apache-doc 1.2.4-2 Apche documentation
ii ascd 0.7-2 AfterStep CD player
ii ascdc 0.3.4 AfterStep CD changer
ii asmail 0.50-4 AfterStep mail monitor
ii asmixer 0.5-3 AfterStep audio mixer
ii at 3.1.8-2 Delayed job execution and batch processing
ii autoconf 2.12-2 automatic configure script builder.
ii automake 1.2-1 A tool for generating GNU Standards -complian
ÀÌÇÏ»ý·«
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡°¡´ÉÇÑ (available)ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀÇ »óÅ°¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑÁö Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. .foo* ¿¡´Â ÆÐÅÏÀÌ µé¾î °¥¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç , »ý·«Çϸé ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀÇ »óȲÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. x·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀÇ »óȲ Ãâ·Â ¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
$ dpkg --get-selection x*
x10 purge
x10-automate purge
x3270 purge
x3270-htmldoc purge
x48 purge
xabacus purge
xanim install
xarchie purge
xarclock purge
xasteroids purge
xautolock install
xaw-wrappers install
xaw3d install
xaw95 purge
xbanner purge
xbase install
xbattle purge
xbill purge
xbl purge
xblast purge
xblast-sound purge
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Àß »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº dselect¿¡¼ È£ÃâÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ù¹ø° °ÍÀº ¼³Ä¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·ÏÀ» °»½ÅÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ°í µÎ¹ø°´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÇÕÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ̸ç , ¼¼¹ø°´Â Áö¿ì´Â °Í ³×¹ø°´Â ¼³Ä¡µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡°¡´ÉÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·ÏÀ» »èÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ fooÀÇ ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¹öÀü°ú ¼³¸íÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. dpkg-info foo_VVV-RRR.deb¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀÌ´Ù.
ÆÐÅ°Áö foo°¡ ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀ» Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. ÆÐÅ°Áö³»ºÎ¿¡ ¾î¶² ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¼ÓÇØÀÖ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÒ ¶§ À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù Ãâ·Â ¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
$ dpkg -listfiles bash
/.
/bin
/bin/bash
/bin/rbash
/bin/sh
/etc
/etc/skel
/etc/skel/.bashrc
/etc/skel/.bash_profile
/usr
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/bashbug
/usr/doc
/usr/doc/bash
/usr/doc/bash/CHANGES.gz
/usr/doc/bash/FAQ.gz
/usr/doc/bash/INTRO.gz
ÀÌÇÏ »ý·«
À§´Â bash ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¾î´À °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ´ÂÁö º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé ƯÁ¤ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ¼ÓÇØ ÀÖ´ÂÁö Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. Á÷Á¢ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ À»Çؼ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Ùº¸¸é ÆÄÀϵéÀÌ ¿©±â Àú±â¿¡ »êÀûÇÏ¿© ¾î¶² ÆÄÀÏÀÎÁö ¸ð¸¦ °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù. Á¤¸®ÇÒ ¶§ ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ¾ø´Â ÆÄÀÏÀ» »èÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ȤÀº ƯÁ¤ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÒ ¶§ ¿øÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ã°í ãÀº ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³¸íÀ» dpkg- print-avail foo¸¦ ÅëÇØ Ãâ·ÂÇغ¸¸é ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ¾î´À Á¤µµ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
¼³Ä¡µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ±ú¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ÂÁö üũÇØÁØ´Ù. º¸Åë ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡½Ã À߸ø ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾ú´Ù¸é ±× ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. º¸Åë Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ¼³Ä¡°¡ ¸¶ÃÄÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é ±× ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ Ãâ·ÂµÈ´Ù
innÀÇ ¼³Ä¡°¡ ´ú ³¡³ª¼ ¼³Á¤ÀÌ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº »óŶó¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ Ãâ·ÂµÈ´Ù.
$dpkg - audit
The following packgaes have been unpacked but not yet configured/
They must be configured using dpkg- configure or the configure
menu option in dselect for them to work :
inn News transport system InterNet News' by the ISC and Rich$
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇµéÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀº °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù ÇöÀç ¼³Ä¡°¡´ÉÇÑ ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. i386 ¿¡¼ÀÇ Ãâ·ÂÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
$dpkg - print-architecture
i386
$dpkg -print-gnu-bulid-architecture
i486
$dpkg-print-installation- architecture
i386
$
dpkgÀÇ ¹öÀü ¹øÈ£¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇØÁØ´Ù. ÇÊÀÚ´Â 1.4.0.19¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ãâ·ÂµÇ¾ú´Ù.
$ dpkg -version
Debian LInux dpkg' package management program version 1.4.0.19 (i386elf)
Copyright 1994-1996 lan jackson ,bruce Perens This is free software:
see the GNU Public Licence version 2 or later for copying
condition . There os NO warranty See dpkg-licence for details.
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ÀúÀ۱ǿ¡ ´ëÇØ Ç¥½ÃÇØÁØ´Ù.
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¼³Ä¡, »èÁ¦¸¸ÅÀ̳ª ÀÚÁÖ ¾²ÀÏ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ´Ù ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº »ý°¢º¸´Ù »ç¿ëÇϱâ´Â ½±Áö¸¸ ³Ê¹« ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëÇϸé ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù ±×·¯³ª ¾ÆÁÖ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÑ °æ¿ì ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀÇ Æí¸®¸¦ Á¦°øÇØÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù dpkg -i °¡ Á¦´ë·Î µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¸é °Á¦·Î¶óµµ ÇؾßÁö ¾î¼°Ú´Â°¡. .:-)
¸·°ÇÑ ¸¸Å Áö¿øµÇ´Â ¿É¼Çµµ ²Ï ¸¹´Ù. Ãâ·ÂÀ» Çغ¸¸é ²Ï ¸¹Àº ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù ´ÙÀ½À» º¸ÀÚ.
$dpkg -force-help
dpkg forcing options -control bahaviour when problems found :
warm but contiue :- force -<thing>,<thing>....
stop with error : -refuse -<thing>,<thing>....
Forcing things :
auto-select [*] (De)select packages to install (remove) them
dowgrade [*] Replace a package with a lower version
configure-any Configure any package which even when on hold
bad- path PATH is missing important programs. problems likely
not-root Try to (de) install things even when not root
overwrite[*] Overwrite a file from one package with another
overwrite-diverted Overwrite a diverted files an undiverted version
depends-version [!] Turn dependecy version problem into warnings
depends [!] Turn all dependency problem into warnings
confilcts [!] Allow installation of conflicting packages
architeture [!] Process even packages with wrong architecture
overwrite-dir [!] Overwrite one packages 's directory with another's file
remove- essential Remove an essential package
WARNING - use of options marked[!] can seriously damage your installation .
Forcing options marked[*] are enabled y default.
remove-essential [!] Remove an essential package
¿ì¸®´Â ¸î°¡Áö ¸¶Áö¸·ÀÇ °æ°í¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀÏ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÕ´Ù [!]·Î µÈ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¼³Ä¡¿¡ ½É°¢ÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö °¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ »ý±æ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡À» ¸»ÇØÁØ´Ù. ±×¸®°í [*] ·Î µÈ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¼³Ä¡½Ã µðÆúÆ®·Î ÁöÁ¤µÊÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù -force ¿É¼ÇÀº Ç×»ó ÀÌ ¿É¼Ç°ú ´õºÒ¾î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¿É¼Ç µÚ¿¡ ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ action (-purge, -install,-remove,-configureµî)ÀÌ ¹Ýµå½Ã ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
dpkg --force-auto-select
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº º¸Åë Depends ¹®Á¦ ½Ã Æí¸®ÇÔÀ» °¡Á®´Ù ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¶§ ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¹®Á¦¿¡ ÇØ´çµÇ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¿Í ´Ù¸¥ ÇØ´çÆÐÅ°Áöµµ ¿ª½Ã »èÁ¦ÇØ ÁØ´Ù. (ÇÊÀÚÁÖ : µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§µµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ,dpkg·Î¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ¾ÈµÇ´Â °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù )
dpkg- forece- downgrade
ÇÏÀ§¹öÀüÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ´Ù¿î ±×·¹À̵带 Çã¿ëÇÑ´Ù ÀÌ´Â µðÆúÆ®·Î ÁöÁ¤ÀÌ µÇ¾î Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ dpkg-install ·Î Çϸé ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ´Ù¿î ±×·¹À̵åµÈ´Ù.
dpkg- force-overwrite
ÆÐÅ°Áö °£¿¡ °ãÄ¡´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§ dpkg´Â ¼³Ä¡¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϸé ÆÐÅ°Áö °£¿¡ °ãÄ¡´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶ó°í ±×´ë·Î µ¤¾î¾²±â¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×´ÙÁö ÁÁÀº ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾Æ´ÔÀ» ¸í½ÉÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.
dpkg- force-overwrite-diverted
°°Àº À̸§À» °®°í °°Àº ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â ÆÄÀϵéÀÇ °æ¿ì ¿ø·¡ÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ´Ù¸¥ À̸§À¸·Î ¹Ù²Û ÈÄ , ÀÌ »ç½ÇÀ» µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸® ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ°í ÃßÈÄ¿¡ ¾÷±×·¹ÀÌµå ½Ã ¿ø·¡ÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¾÷±×·¹ÀÌµå µÇµµ·Ï ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é °ü¸®µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÏÁö¶óµµ ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ±×´ë·Î µ¤¾î¾²±â¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ª½Ã ±×´ÙÁö ÁÁÀº ¿É¼ÇÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
dpkg- force- depends -version
º¸Åë ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡½Ã ¹öÀüÀÌ ³·¾Æ ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì ¼³Ä¡´Â ÁߴܵÇÁö¸¸ ¹öÀüÀÌ ³·¾Æ ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ÁøÇà ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´ÙÁö Å« ¹®Á¦´Â ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê°ÚÁö¸¸ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®ÀÇ ½É°¢ÇÑ ¹ö±×³ª Áö¿øµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ±â´ÉÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¹öÀü üũÀÓ¿¡µµ À̸¦ ¹«½ÃÇϸé ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
»ó´çÈ÷ ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀÌ´Ù ÀÇÁ¸¼º °Ë»ç¿¡¼ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù. ÇÏ´õ¶ó°í ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸® ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ¿Àµ¿ÀÛÀÌ ÀϾ´Â °æ¿ì À̸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¾²Àδ٠ÀÇÁ¸¼º¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀϾµµ ³¡³» Áö ¾Ê°í °æ°í¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³ª°Ô ÇÑ´Ù ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹´Â ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù.
$dpkg- force-depends install inn_1.5.1-4.deb
Selecting previously deselected package inn
(Reading database...28408 files and directories currently install.)
Unpacking inn (from inn_1.5.1-4.deb)...
dpkg:inn : dependency problems but configuring anyway as you request:
inn depends on inewsinn (>=1.5-1) : however;
Package inewsinn is not installed.
Setting up inn(1.5.1-4)..
**inn news server configuration
Please enter the return mail name' of your system . This is the hostname
portion of the address to be shown on outgoing news(not mail)messages
Rerurn mail name [doit.ajou.ac.kr]:
À§ÀÇ °æ¿ì , innÀº inewsinnÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡µµ ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù.
dpkg --force-conflicts
¼·Î »ó¹ÝµÈ °ü°è¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ °Á¦·Î ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀÌ´Ù.
$ dpkg -force-conflicts -install sendmail_8.8.7-5.deb
Selecting previously deselect package sendmail
dpkg : reqarding sendmail_8.8.7-5.deb containing sendmail:
sendmail conflicts with mail-transport-agent
smail provides mail-transport-agent and is installed.
dpkg:wrronig -ignoring conflict, may proceed anyway !
dpkg:regarding sendmail_8.8.7-5.deb containing sendmail:
sendamil conflicts with smail
smail(version 3.2-3) is installed.
dpkg:wrronig -ignoring conflict, may proceed anyway !
dpkg:regarding sendmail_8.8.7-5.deb containing sendmail:
smail conflicts with mail-transport- agent
sendmail prvides mail-transport-agent and is to be installed.
dpkg:wrronig -ignoring conflict, may proceed anyway !
dpkg:regarding sendmail_8.8.7-5.deb containing sendmail:
smail conflicts with sendmail
sendmail(version8.8.7-5) is to be installed
(ÀÌÇÏ»ý·« )
À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼ º¸´Â ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ sendmail Àº mail-transport-agent(MTA) ¶ó´Â virtual name (Àú¹øÈ£¿¡¼ ¼³¸íÇß´Ù)À» °¡Áø ÆÐÅ°Áöµé°ú ´ë¸³°ü°è¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ½É°¢ÇÑ °ü°è¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù ÀÌ´Â ½É°¢ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ³ºÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î °¡±ÞÀû ÀÌ·± ¹æ½ÄÀ» ÅÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Âµ¥ ÁÁ´Ù.
dpkg-force-architecture
ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀº ¾ÆÅ°ÅØó°¡ ´Þ¶ó°í ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ¹ÙÀ̳ʸ®°¡ ¿Àµ¿ÀÛÇϰųª ½É°¢ÇÑ °æ¿ì ½Ã½ºÅÛ Å©·¡½¬°¡ µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ¸³ª °¡±ÞÀû »ï°¡¾ß ÇÒ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ´Ù .
dpkg-force-remove-reinstreq
dpkg-force-remove-essential
ÀÌ µÎ ¿É¼ÇÀº ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ »ç¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. º¸Åë ¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§(priority)°¡ Required ÀÎ °æ¿ì ȤÀº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» µ¿ÀÛ½ÃÅ°´Âµ¥ ÇʼöÀûÀÎ ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀº »èÁ¦°¡ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù ±×·¯³ª ²À ºÎµæÀÌ ÇÑ °æ¿ì (ºÎµæÀÌ ÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ¾î¶² °æ¿ìÀÎÁö´Â ¸ð¸£°ÙÁö¸¸ ) »èÁ¦ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °æ¿ìµµ »ý±æ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¶§ ÀÌ ¿É¼ÇÀ» ÅëÇØ »èÁ¦¸¦ ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
-force¿É¼ÇÀº ´ëºÎºÐ 'your own risk' ÀÌ´Ù µû¶ó¼ À§Ç輺ÀÌ µÚµû¶ó´Â ¿É¼ÇµéÀÌ´Ù ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÏÀÚ ³ª¸ÓÁö ¿É¼ÇÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¹Ç·Î ³í¿Ü·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
rpm ¸¸ÅÀ̳ª dpkg ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ »ç¿ëµµ ¾î¶»°Ô º¸¸é ²Ï ±î´Ù·Ó´Ù. º¸Åë -install -pruge -unpakc - remove ¸¸ ¾Ë¾Æµµ »ç¿ëÇϴµ¥ ¾Æ¹«·± ÁöÀåÀº ¾ø´Ù.Á» °í±Þ(?)À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ·Á´Ù º¸¸é ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °Íµµ ¸¹°í ÇÏ´Ï Á¶±Ý¾¿ ½áº¸¸é¼ ½Ç·ÂÀ» ´Ã·Á ³ª°¨µµ ÁÁÀ» °Í °°´Ù.
´ÙÀ½È£¿¡¼´Â Áö±Ý±îÁö ¾Ë¾Æº» dselect dpkgÀÇ »ç¿ë¹ý¿¡¼ Á÷Á¢ µ¥ºñ¾È ÆÐÅ°ÁöÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³»´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº¸µµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷À̶ó¸é /usr/doc/dpkg µð·ºÅ丮 ÇϺο¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ ¿©·¯ µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ®¸¦ ²À Çѹø Àоµµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ®´Â Àå½ÄÇ°ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù ¹Ì¸®¹Ì¸® ¾Ë¾Æº» ³»¿ëÀº ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô Å« µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
À̱ÛÀº
¸®´ª½º¿ùµå '97³â 11¿ùÈ£ ±â»çÀÔ´Ï´Ù.