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D.M.Z
CONTENT
PRE
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15.1 Introduction to Sendmail+IDA 15.1 Introduction to sendmail+IDA sendmail.cf ϱ Unix ý ڰ ƴ϶ ִ. װ õѴٸ ģ ̶ ִ. :-) Sendmail ŭ α̴. װ κ 鿡 ־ ŭ ̱ ϴ. ִ ۷(Sendmail, O'Reilly and Associates ) 792 Ǿ ٺκ ̸ Ѵ. Sendmail+IDA ٸ. װ ȣȭ sendmail.cf ؾϴ ʿ伺 ϰ, ϱ tables̶ Ͽ ڰ Ʈ Ư ð 巹 ְ Ѵ. sendmail+IDA ٲٴ ۾ ð Ʈ ٿ ̴. ٸ Ʈ sendmail+IDA غ , ̺ ܼ ̴. UUCP ͳ Ʈ ϸ鼭 ʿ ͵ ̷. ص ϱ . sendmail5.67b+IDA1.5 vixen.cso.uiuc.edu anonymous FTP ִ. ġ ʿ ϵȴ. Sendmail+IDA ҽ , νϰ ϴµ ʿ newspak-2.2.tar.gz ԵǾ ִ. ̴ sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/system/Mail 丮 anonymous FTP ִ.
15.2 Configuration Files - Overview sendmail ý ( /etc/sendmail.cf Ǵ /usr/lib/sendmail.cf ¾Ǵµ, ͵ ̴. sendmail.cf Ͽ ϴ´ ϰ 뽺 ̴. Sendmail+IDA ɼǵ ټ ̺ ְ ν . ɼǵ m4(ũ μ) Ǵ dbm(ͺ̽ μ), ҽ Ǵ Makefile Ͽ ν ȴ. sendmail.cf ý Ʈ ۸ Ѵ. Ŀ¡ sendmail.cf ϴ ɼ ̺ ̷. 15.1 sendmail ̺ ش.
15.1: sendmail
Sendmil+IDA sendmail.cf ʰ, ý ڿ Ǵ m4 Ͽ ȴ. װ sendmail.m4 Īϱ Ѵ. ణ Ǹ ϰų, ܼ Ǵ ̺ ġ Ų. , 鸸 ָȴ.
Ʈ Ȯϰų compile-in ̵ϱ ִ ĶͰ Ѵ. ɼǵ ҽ 丮 ida/cf/OPTIONS ִ. ּ ( ƴ Ʈ ȣƮ ̵Ǵ UUCP SMTP) sendmail.m4 ּ 10 15ۿ ȵȴ. 15.3.1 An Example sendmail.m4 File Virtual Brewery vstout sendmail.m4 Ʒ ִ. vstout Brewery LAN ȣƮ SMTP Ͽ ϰ, UUCP ȣƮ moria . 15.3.2 Typically Used sendmail.m4 Parameters sendmail.m4 ʿ ణ ̰, ͵ Ʈ ֹ õǴ ͵̴. sendmail.m4 Ͽ ִ ۿ ؼ, ڼ ٷ. Items that Define Paths
dnl #define(LIBDIR,/usr/local/lib/mail)dnl # where all support files go LIBDIR sendmail+IDA , dbm ̺ Ư ǻ ã 丮 Ѵ. ̳ʸ ǿ, ̴ sendmail̳ʸ compile-inǾ Ƿ sendmail.m4 Ͽ ʿ . տ dul ٴµ, ̴ ٺ ּ ǹѴ. ġ ٸ ϱؼ, ξտ dnl ϰ ϴ ġ н , sendmail.cf ٽ buildϰ 缳ġϸ ȴ.
dnl #------------------ SAMPLE SENDMAIL.M4 FILE ------------------ dnl # (the string 'dnl' is the m4 squivalent of commenting out a line) dnl # you generally don't want to override LIBDIR from the compiled in paths dnl #define(LIBDIR,/usr/local/lib/mail)dnl # where all support files go define(LOCAL_MAILER_DEF, mailers.linux)dnl # mailer for local delivery define(POSTMASTERBOUNCE)dnl # postmaster gets bounces define(PSEUDODOMAINS, BITNET UUCP)dnl # don't try DNS on these dnl #------------------------------------------------------------- dnl # define(PSEUDONYMS, vstout.vbrew.com vstout.UUCP vbrew.com) dnl # names we're known by define(DEFAULT_HOST, vstout.vbrew.com)dnl # our primary 'name' for mail define(UUCPNAME, vstout)dnl # our uucp name dnl # dnl #------------------------------------------------------------- dnl # define(UUCPNODES, |uuname|sort|uniq)dnl # our uucp neighbors define(BANGIMPLIESUUCP)dnl # make certain that uucp define(BANGONLYUUCP)dnl # mail is treated correctly define(RELAY_HOST, moria)dnl # our smart relay host define(RELAY_MAILER, UUCP-A)dnl # we reach moria via uucp dnl # dnl #-------------------------------------------------------------------- dnl # dnl # the various dbm lookup tables dnl # define(ALIASES, LIBDIR/aliases)dnl # system aliases define(DOMAINTABLE, LIBDIR/domaintable)dnl # domainize hosts define(PATHTABLE, LIBDIR/pathtable)dnl # paths database define(GENERICFROM, LIBDIR/generics)dnl # generic from addresses define(MAILERTABLE, LIBDIR/mailertable)dnl # mailers per host or domain define(UUCPXTABLE, LIBDIR/uucpxtable)dnl # paths to hosts we feed define(UUCPRELAYS, LIBDIR/uucprelays)dnl # short-circuit paths dnl # dnl #-------------------------------------------------------------------- dnl # dnl # include the 'real' code that makes it all work dnl # (provided with the source code) dnl # include(Sendmail.mc)dnl # REQUIRED ENTRY !!! dnl # dnl #------------ END OF SAMPLE SENDMAIL.M4 FILE ----- Defining the Local Mailer
#define(LOCAL_MAILER_DEF, mailers.linux)dnl # mailer for local delivery κ ü local delivery ڵϱ α ϴµ, Unix α ̹ sendmail ̳ʸ Ǿ ִ. , ν ǿ local delivery α ִ° ƴϱ mailer ʿ䰡 ִ. ̴ sendmail.m4 ϳ LOCAL_MAILER_DEF Ͽ ִ. , Ϲ ̴ deliver α ϰ Ϸ, LOCAL_MAILER_DER mailers.linux ָ ȴ. LIBDIR Ű 丮 mailers.linux ̸ ġǾ Ѵ. װ sendmail ý Ÿ ùٸ ְ ϴ paramater Բ, internal Mlocal mailer deliver α Ѵ. sendmail õ ʾҴٸ, ü ʿ並 ̴.
# -- /usr/local/lib/mail/mailers.linux -- # (local mailers for use on Linux ) Mlocal, P=/usr/bin/deliver, F=SlsmFDMP, S=10, R=25/10, A=deliver $u Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsDFMeuP, S=10, R=10, A=sh -c $u sendmail.cf Ͽ includeǴ Sendmail.mc deliver bulit-in Ʈ Ѵ. װ ϱ , mailers.linux ʰ, sendmail.m4 Ͽ ִ.
dnl --- (in sendmail.m4) --- define(LOCAL_MAILER_DEF, DELIVER)dnl # mailer for local delivery ϰԵ, Sendmail.mc deliver /bin ġǾ ִٰ ϴµ, Slackware1.1.1 ʴ(/usr/bin ġǾ ִ). ũ Ͽ ̰ų, deliver ҽ rebuildϿ /bin ֵ簡 ؾ ȴ. Dealing with Bounced Mail
define(POSTMASTERBOUNCE)dnl # postmaster gets bouncesƮ ־, 100% ۼ ȴٰ Ȯϴ ߿ ̴. ڴ Ǽ, Ǵ ý ϳ ϱ bounce ϴµ, syslog(8) α ϴ ͵ ȴ. POSTMASTERBOUNCE ϰ Ǹ, bounce 纻 ýۿ Postmaster ǵ . ϰԵ, Ķ ϰ Ǹ bounce ؽƮ Postmaster Ǿ ýۿ ϴ ̹ø ħϰԵǴ ʷѴ. postmaster ڽſ ƴϸ ʵ ڱ θ ƷýѾѴ. (Ǵ bounce ؽƮ κ ũƮ ִ.) Domain Name Service Related Items
define(PSEUDODOMAINS, BITNET UUCP)dnl # don't try DNS on these DNS յ , ּҳ Ǵ ˷ Ʈ ִ. PSEUDODOMAINS ϸ, ϱ⸸ ϴ DNS ˻õ ʵ Ѵ. Defining Names the Local SYstem is Known by
define(PSEUDONYMS, vstout.vbrew.com vstout.UUCP vbrew.com) dnl # names we're known by define(DEFAULT_HOST, vstout.vbrew.com)dnl # our primary 'name' for mail, ý ڽ ¥ identity ų, Ʈ̷ ϰų, Ǵ ˷ '' ̸ ϰ ó 찡 ִ. PSEUDONYMS ý Ƶ ȣƮ Ʈ Ѵ. DEFAULT_HOST ȣƮ ȣƮ Ѵ. Ķ , ϵǴ ʱ ߿ ̴. UUCP-Related Items
define(UUCPNAME, vstout)dnl # our uucp name define(UUCPNODES, |uuname|sort|uniq)dnl # our uucp neighbors define(BANGIMPLIESUUCP)dnl # make certain that uucp define(BANGONLYUUCP)dnl # mail is treated correctly, ý DNS ϳ Ӱ UUCP Ǵٸ ˷µ, UUCPNAME outgoing UUCP ٸ ȣƮ ְ Ѵ. UUCPNODES UUCP Ŀؼ ý۵ ȣƮ Ʈ ϴ Ŀǵ带 Ѵ. BANGIMPLIESUUCP BANGONLYUUCP UUCP 'bang' systax ǥ ּҰ ó ͳ Ǵ, ο Domain Name Service ۹ , UUCP ۹Ŀ ٰ ϴ Ѵ. Relay Systems and Mailers
define(RELAY_HOST, moria)dnl # our smart relay host define(RELAY_MAILER, UUCP-A)dnl # we reach moria via UUCP ý ڵ ý world-wide Ը Ʈ Ʈ( ý) reachable ϴµ ʿ Ϸ ð ϰ ̴. Ͽ, outgoing , "smart"ϴٰ ˷ ٸ ý relay Ѵ. RELAY_HOST ̿ Ʈ ý UUCP ȣƮ Ѵ. RELAY_MAILER relayϴµ Ǵ Ϸ Ѵ. Ķ͵ ϴ outgoing Ǵ ý ε忡 ִ ʷѴٴ Ϳ ؾѴٴ ߿ϴ. ý ٸ ý Ϲ ȣƮ ϱ ռ, Ʈ Postmaster ιޱ⸦ ٶ. The Various Configuration Tables
define(ALIASES, LIBDIR/aliases)dnl # system aliases define(DOMAINTABLE, LIBDIR/domaintable)dnl # domainize hosts define(PATHTABLE, LIBDIR/pathtable)dnl # paths database define(GENERICFROM, LIBDIR/generics)dnl # generic from addresses define(MAILERTABLE, LIBDIR/mailertable)dnl # mailers per host or domain define(UUCPTABLE, LIBDIR/uucpxtable)dnl # paths to hosts we feed define(UUCPRELAYS, LIBDIR/uucprelays)dnl # short-circuit pathsũε, ý sendmail+IDA "" ϴ dbm ã ġ ִ. Ϲ , װ LIBDIR ܵδ ϴ. The Master Sendmail.mc File
include(Sendmail.mc)dnl # REQUIRD ENTRY !!!Sendmail+IDA ڵ sendmail.cf Ǵ ¥ "˸" ϴ Sendmail.mc ̶ Ѵ. ֱ, full ҽ sendmail ʰ bug fix Ǵ ߰ ȴ. ʴ´ٴ ߿ϴ So Which Entries are Really Required? ɼǰ dbm Ϻ ͵ , sendmail+IDA sendmail.cf ϴµ ϴ sendmail.m4 Ͽ ǵ DEFAULT_MAILER(RELAY_HOST, RELAY_MAILER ϴ) Ѵ. domaintable̳ uucpxtable Ʈ ̷ override ִ. ͳ Domain Name Service ϴ Ϲ Ʈ, Ǵ UUCP Ͽ Ʈ RELAY_HOST UUCP ϴ Ʈ, Ƹ Ư ̺ Ʈ ʿ ̴. ̷ ý canonical Ʈ Ӱ ٸ ϴ DEFAULT_HOST PSEUDONYMS ũθ Ѵ. ִ ȣƮ Ϸ ̶, װ͵ ˾Ƽ ϹǷ ̷ Ʈ ʾƵ ȴ. Ƹ UUCP ȣƮ UUCPNAME UUCP ̴. ̸ Ʈ ȣƮ ϰϴ RELAY_MAILER RELAY_HOST ó Ѵ. Ǵ transport RELAY_MAILER ǵǸ UUCP Ʈ UUCP-A . Ʈ SMTP Ͽ 'Domain Name Service' ̿Ѵٰ , DEFAULT_MAILER TCP-A ġ, RELAY_MAILER RELAY_HOST ϸ ȴ.
15.4 A Tour of Sendmail+IDA Tables sendmail+IDA sendmail Ʈ (sendmail.m4Ͽ ǵ) overrideϰ Ư Ȳ, Ʈ ý, Ʈ Ư ϵ ϴ ̺ Ѵ. ̵ ̺ ǰ Բ Ǵ Makefile ̿Ͽ ó(post-process)ȴ. κ Ʈ ̵ ̺ ʿġ ʴ. Ʈ ̺ ʴ´ٸ, Makefile ü Ʈϴ ͺ, LIBDIR Ʈ Makefile ״ ϰ, ̺ zero length (touch Ŀǵ带 Ͽ) δ ̴. mailertable, Ʈ ȣƮ Ʈ ӿ Ͽ ƯȣƮ ο Ư Ѵ. װ ͳ Ʈ, Ʈ Ʈ ٴٸ ְ ߰ ִ ȣƮ Ʈ̸ , Ư (UUCP SMTP) ϴµ ȴ. Ϲ UUCP Ʈ ʿ䰡 . ߿ ̴. sendmail Ʒ а ġϴ ù° 꿡 װ óѴ. Ƿ ֻܿ ġŰ, Ϲ Ʒ ϴ. Groucho Marx University Computer Science ȣƮ ada UUCP ϱ Ѵٰ غ. Ϸ mailertable Ʈ .
# (in mailertable) # # forward all mail for the domain .cs.groucho.edu via UUCP to ada UUCP-A,ada .cs.groucho.edu ū groucho.edu ȣƮ bighub , ű⼭ address resolution delivery ϱ Ѵٰ . Ȯ mailertable Ʈ ϴ.
# (in mailertable) # # forward all mail for the domain .cs.groucho.edu via UUCP to ada UUCP-A,ada .cs.groucho.edu # # forward all mail for the domain groucho.edu via UUCP to bighub UUCP-A,bighub .groucho.edu Ѵ, ߿ϴ. ڹٲٸ, .cs.groucho.edu ϴ ada , Ϲ bighub θ ϰ Ǿ.
# (in mailertable) # # forward all mail for the domain .groucho.edu via UUCP to bighub UUCP-A,bighub .groucho.edu # # (it is impossible to reach the next line because UUCP-A,ada .cs.groucho.edu # mailertable , UUCP-A sendmail ȭ Բ UUCP delivery ϰ . Ϸ Ʈ ý۰ ǥ address resolution delivery ada ϰ ˸ Ѵ. mailertable Ʈ ̷.
ִ Ϸ ϴµ, װ͵ ּҸ ٷ ̴. Ǵ Ϸδ, TCP-A(ͳ Ÿ ּҷ TCP/IP), TCP-U(UUCP Ÿ ּҷ TCP/IP), UUCP-A(ͳ Ÿ ּҷ UUCP) ִ. mailertable ʿ Ϸ ȣƮ ϴ ij(delimiter) ּҰ mailertable Ǵ ϴ Ѵ. ߿ , ̰ (Ʈ ý ) envelope rewriteϱ⸸ Ѵٴ ϴ ̴. envelope ͵ rewriteϴ ߸ ɼ ϴ.
, FQDN ȣƮ Domain Name Service (DNS) ͳ Ÿ(SMTP) delivery, Ǵ ȣƮ ȴ. uucpxtable ȭ UUCP Ÿ ȭ Ʈ ȣƮ ȯϿ UUCP Ͽ ϵ Ѵ. װ Ʈ ο (forwarder)̰ų, hop ִ Ʈ Ϸ ߰ ý۰ Ʈ ϴ ͺ ̰ ŷڼִ UUCP ũ ȴ. ȭ(domainized) ϴ ̿ UUCP ϴ UUCP Ʈ, RELAY_MAILER RELAY_HOST , Ǵ DEFAULT_MAILER ϴ Ʈ ϴ , ý۰ direct UUCP point-to-point ũ Ͽ ϵ ϴµ, Ѵ. UUCP ʴ ͳ Ʈ uucpxtable ʿ䰡 . DNS sesame.com, UUCP ʿ sesame ýۿ Ѵٰ غ. , ȣƮ ̷Ʈ UUCP Ŀؼ Բ ϱ ؼ uucpxtable Ʈ ʿ ϰ ̴.
#============== /usr/local/lib/mail/uucpxtable ============= # Mail sent to joe@sesame.com is rewritten to sesame!joe and # therefore delivered via UUCP # sesame sesame.com # #----------------------------------------------------------- pathtable Ʈ ȣƮ̳ Ʈ ϴµ ȴ. pathtable нٸ Ÿ ý , ꐼ ĵǾ ־ Ѵ. ʵ TAB ϸ, dbm ϴ Ҹ ̴. κ ýۿ pathtable Ʈ ʿ ʴ´.
#=============== /usr/local/lib/mail/pathtable ================ # # this is a pathalias-style paths file to let you kick mail to # UUCP neighbors to hte direct UUCP path so you don't have to # go the long way through your smart host that takes other traffic # # you want real tabs on each line or m4 might complain # # route mail through one or more intermediate sites to a remote # system using UUCP-style addressing. # sesame!ernie!%s ernie # # forwarding to a system that is a UUCP neighbor of a reachable # internet site. # swim!%s@gcc.groucho.edu swim # # The following sends all mail for two networks through different # gateways ( see the leading '.' ?). # In this example, "uugate" and "byte" are specific systems that serve # as mail gateways to the .UUCP and .BITNET pseudo-domains repectively # %s@uugate.groucho.edu .UUCP byte!%s@mail.shift.com .BITNET # #=================== end of pathtable ======================= domaintable Ϲ DNS ˻ Ͼ , Ư ϴµ ȴ. װ ڵ shorthand üν, Ǵ ý̳ ο shorthand ڰ ְ 鵵 Ѵ. װ ùٸ ȣƮ "ùٸ" üϴµ ִ. κ Ʈ domaintable Ʈ ʿġ ̴. ùٸ ּҸ, ùٸ ּҷ üϴ ش.
#============= /usr/local/lib/mail/domaintable ================= # # brokenhost.correct.domain brokenhost.wrong.domain # # #=================== end of domaintable ======================== ٸ ؼ ִ ִ.
ý RFC Postmaster MAILER-DAEMON ٸ Ѵ. α ȣϰų α ٸ , sendmail root setuidǾ ȿ ص ؾ Ѵ. aliases ȭ Ŀǵ带 ϱ ġ ʴ´.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bi ̴ ʿ dbm ̺ buildѴ. cron Ǵ newaliases Ŀǵ带 ִ. ٸ aliases(5) Ŵ ִ.
#--------------------- /usr/local/lib/mail/aliases ------------------ # # demonstrate commonly seen types of aliases # usenet: janet # alias for a person admin joe,janet # alias for several people newspak-users :include:/usr/lib/lists/newspak # read recipients from a file changefeed: | /usr/local/lib/gup # alias that invokes a program complaints: /val/log/complaints # alias that writes mail to a file # # The following two aliases must be present to be RFC-compliant. # It is important to have them resolve to 'a person' who reads mail routinely. # postmaster: root # required entry MAILER-DAEMON: postmaster # required entry # #-------------------------------------------------------------------- ̺ 밡ϳ, ʴ ͵̴. λ ؼ sendmail+IDA ҽ ִ ϶.
sendmail+IDA ̳ʸ ġϴ 캸, װ ÿ ϰ ùٸ ϰ µ ʿ Ѵ. sendmail+IDA ̳ʸ sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/system/Mail ִ. ̹ sendmail ִ ϴ, sendmail5.76b+IDA1.5 ٲٱ⸦ ϰ ǰѴ. ֳϸ ʿ Ư ġ vanilla ҽ , 1993 12 1 ־ Ƶξ ̴. ҽ sendmail buildϰ Ѵٸ, ҽ ǿ Ե README ÿ Ѵ. sendmail+IDA ҽ vixen.cso.uiuc.edu ִ. sendmail+IDA buildϰ Ѵٸ, newspak-2.2.tar.gz Ư ϵ ʿѵ, װ sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/system/Mail 丮 ִ. smail̳ mail delivery agent ġ Ҵٸ, smail (Ǵ rename) ָ ȴ. 15.5.1 Extracting the binary distribution ҿ Ǭ.
$ gunzip -c sendmail5.65b+IDA1.5+mailx5.3b.tgz | tar xvf - ֱ ǿ ִ "modern" tar ִٸ, tar -zxvf filename.tgz ־ ִ. Ǯ sendmail5.65b+IDA1.5+mailx5.3b 丮 ȴ. 丮 sendmail+IDA ġǰ mailx Ʈ ִ. 丮 н ġǴ ġ ݿǹǷ, װ͵ űµ tar Ŀǵ带 ϴ.
# cd sendmail5.65b+IDA1.5+mailx5.3b # tar cf - . | (cd /; tar xvvpoof -) Ʈ ˸°Բ sendmail.cf buildϷ, sendmail.m4 ۼϿ װ m4 óؾѴ. /usr/local/lib/mail/CF sendmail.m4 ִ. װ yourhostname.m4 ϰ, Ʈ ˸°Բ ϶. ǿ ؾ ũο Ѵ. װ ϴ ϰ ˰ ʹٸ, sendmail.m4 ߴ κ ϶.
sendmail.cf ؼ Ŀǵ带 ϶.
# make yourhostname.cf ̴ yourhostname.m4 óϿ yourhostname.cf Ѵ. , ϴ´ ϴ Ʈؾϴµ, ̴ ǿ ̴. ۿ Ѵٸ, װ ġ ϶.
# cp yourhostname.cf /etc/sendmail.cf sendmail ۵ų غ Ǿ. startup ( /etc/rc.inet2) . μ ǰ ռ ų ִ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bd -q1h 15.5.3 Testing the sendmail.cf file sendmail Ʈ ؼ -bt ÷ ְ ϸ ȴ. Ʈ ýۿ ġ sendmail.cf ̳, -Cfilename ɼ ٸ Ʈ ִ. , 15.2 vstout.m4 vstout.cf ƮѴ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >Ʈ sendmail ý 鿡 Ѵ. 쿡, Ʈ ϰ, LOCAL Ϸ ϴ ý ų ̴. ù°, Ǵ ƮѴ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bd -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 me rewrite: ruleset 3 input: me rewrite: ruleset 7 input: me rewrite: ruleset 9 input: me rewrite: ruleset 9 returns: < me > rewrite: ruleset 7 returns: < > , me rewrite: ruleset 3 returns: < > , me rewrite: ruleset 0 input: < > , me rewrite: ruleset 8 input: < > , me rewrite: ruleset 20 input: < > , me rewrite: ruleset 20 returns: < > , @ vstout . vbrew . com , me rewrite: ruleset 8 returns: < > , @ vstout . vbrew . com , me rewrite: ruleset 26 input: < > , @ vstout . vbrew . com , me rewrite: ruleset 26 returns: $# LOCAL $@ vstout . vbrew . com $: me rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# LOCAL $@ vstout . vbrew . com $: me sendmail ּҸ óϴ ش. ruleset ּҸ Ѱָ װ ٸ ruleset ʷ ȣϿ мϰ, Ʈ ߰ . 츮 me ּҸ ruleset 3 0 Ѱ ־. (̴ ּ 3,0 ǹ̴). ϴ Ϸ, Ϸ ȣƮ Ե ּҸ ruleset 0 ش. , UUCP syntax , ý Ʈ غ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 vstout!me rewrite: ruleset 3 input: vstout ! me [...] rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# LOCAL $@ vstout . vbrew . com $: me > , FQDN ȣƮ Ͽ ͳ ּҷ , ý Ʈغ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 me@vstout.vbrew.com rewrite: ruleset 3 input: me @ vstout . vbrew . com [...] rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# LOCAL $@ vstout . vbrew . com $: me > sendmail.m4 PSEUDONYMS DEFAULT_NAME ĶͿ ӿ Ͽ Ʈ ݺؾ Ѵ. , ȣƮ ִ Ʈ غ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 fred@moria.com rewrite: ruleset 3 input: fred @ moria . com rewrite: ruleset 7 input: fred @ moria . com rewrite: ruleset 9 input: fred @ moria . com rewrite: ruleset 9 returns: < fred > @ moria . com rewrite: ruleset 7 returns: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 3 returns: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 0 input: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 8 input: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 8 returns: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 29 input: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 29 returns: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 26 input: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 25 input: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 25 returns: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 4 input: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 4 returns: fred @ moria . com rewrite: ruleset 26 returns: < @ moria . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# UUCP-A $@ moria $: < @ moria . com > , fred > 15.5.4 Putting it all together - Integration Testing sendmail.cf and the tables , ϴ Ʈ ϰ, ּȭ ۼ ִٴ ȮϿ. ġ Ϸϱؼ, ϴ dbm ̺ ؾ ʿ䰡 ִ. Ʈ ʿ ̺ , ̺ ִ θ make ԷϿ dbm װ óϰ ־Ѵ. UUCP Ѵٸ, README.linux ϴ ̺ ʿ䰡 , Makefile ϰԲ ϵ touchֱ⸸ ϸȴ. UUCP ϸ鼭 Ʈ ȣƮ ȣƮ Ѵٸ, uucpxtable Ʈ ߰ ־ ϰ( Ʈ ȣƮ ȴ), uucpxtable dbm Ѵ. , RELAY_HOST ϴ RELAY_MAILER Ἥ ȮؾѴ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 fred@sesame.com rewrite: ruleset 3 input: fred @ sesame . com rewrite: ruleset 7 input: fred @ sesame . com rewrite: ruleset 9 input: fred @ sesame . com rewrite: ruleset 9 returns: < fred > @ sesame . com rewrite: ruleset 7 returns: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 3 returns: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 0 input: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 8 input: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 8 returns: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 29 input: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 29 returns: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 26 input: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 25 input: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 25 returns: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 4 input: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 4 returns: fred @ sesame . com rewrite: ruleset 26 returns: < @ sesame . com > , fred rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# UUCP-A $@ moria $: < @ sesame . com > , fred > RELAY_HOST ƴ, UUCP neighbor ִٸ, ϴ Ȯ ʿ䰡 ִ. UUCP ϴ ȣƮ UUCP-style syntax ּҰ ݵ 鿡Է ̴ (ʴٸ domaintable Ʈ ν װ ؾ Ѵ). swim Ǵ neighbor UUCP غ. swim!fred sendmail ָ ̴.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 swim!fred rewrite: ruleset 3 input: swim ! fred [...lines omitted...] rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# UUCP $@ swim $: < > , fred > ͳ ŸϷ ȭ Ἥ Ư neighbor UUCP, UUCP delivery ϱ uucpxtable Ʈ ־ξٸ װ Ʈ غƾ Ѵ.
# /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -Cvstout.cf ADDRESS TEST MODE Enter <ruleset> <address> [Note: No initial ruleset 3 call] >3,0 dude@swim.2bird.com rewrite: ruleset 3 input: dude @ swim . 2bird . com [...lines omitted...] rewrite: ruleset 0 returns: $# UUCP $@ swim . 2birds $: < > , dude >
15.6 Administrivia and Stupid Mail Tricks ݱ 츮 sendmail+IDA ý ġ, Ʈ ̷ Ͽ. ð ϰ ϻ Ͼ ϵ 鿩ٺ . Ʈ ý . Ǵ ȭ , DNS ΰ Ǽ ùٸ ǵDZ Ѵ. ƴ϶ Ʈ ڱ ٿȴ. ̷ , ϰڴ ϸ Ʈ ý Ǵ ڰ , ȿ̸鼭 ϰ ٸ Ʈ 귯 ġϴ ˾ƾ ʿ䰡 ִ. κ δĥ ִ "electronic mail emergencies" ش ϰ Ѵ. 15.6.1 Forwarding Mail to a Relay Host Ư ȣƮ Ǵ ο õ ý ϱ ؼ, ַ mailertable Ѵ. , backwood.org , װ UUCP Ʈ ý backdoor Ͽ Ʈ maildertable ȴ.
UUCP-A,backdoor backwood.org 15.6.2 Forcing Mail into Misconfigured Remote Sites , ͳ ȣƮ ߸ Ʈ Ʈ ִ . ̷ , Ϲ Ʈ ȣƮ bounceǰų, ʴ ̴. ̷ ý ڸ ʴ 忡 ߸µ, world-wide ý ʴ´ٴ (Ǵ, ٷ Ʈ ڿ ƴ°) Ű ʴ´ٴ ̴. ٸ ϴ ο ʴ´ٴ Ͱ, ̿ ؾߵ ̶ ̴. Ʈ Ʈ , ƴϴ. 쿡 ־ Ʋ , ߸ Ʈ Ʈ ϱؼ Ʈ ߸ ϵ ؼ ȵȴٴ ̴. Ʈ Ʈ Postmaster ϳ ٷ ٸ, ΰ ִ.
15.6.3 Forcing Mail to Transferred via UUCP ̻ 迡 (ͳ ), ȣƮ Domain Name Service (DNS) ڵ带 ְ FQDN Ͽ ̴. Ʈ UUCP ؾ ִٸ, uucpxtable ȣƮ "undomainizing" ν, Ʈ Ϸ ƴ point-to-point UUCP Ŀؼ ִ. sesame.com UUCP delivery ϰ Ѵٸ, uucpxtable ȴ.
# un-domainize sesame.com to force UUCP delivery sesame sesame.com , sendmail (sendmail.m4 UUCPNODES ) Ʈ ýۿ Ǿٰ ϰ, UUCP queue ̴. Preventing Mail from Being Delivered via UUCP ݴ 쵵 ִ. ̵ݾ, ʰų ŷڼ Ʈ Ϸ ȣƮ ͵ UUCP Ŀؼ ִ. , þƲ anonymous UUCP ȯϴ ý۵ Ѵٰ . ̵ ý ʿ UUCP ϹǷ, ŷڵ hop(mail ִ ȣƮ - ) ( 밡) ȣƮ Ϲ ŷڵ . ȣƮ UUCP deliveryʰ . Ʈ Ʈ FQDN ִٸ, domainxtable Ʈ ϳ ߰ϸ ȴ.
# prevent mail delivery via UUCP to a neighbor snorkel.com snorkel̴ UUCP FQDN üν, sendmail.m4 ϳ UUCPNODESΰ ġǴ ´. , RELAY_MAILER RELAY_HOST (Ǵ DEFAULT_MAILER) Ͽ ȴ. 15.6.5 Running the Sendmail Queue on Demand queue óϱ ؼ, ܼ '/usr/lib/runq' ġ ȴ. ̴ ɼ ְ sendmail ȯν, sendmail ٵ ٸ , job queue Ⱦ Ѵ. 15.6.6 Reporting Mail Statistics Ʈ ڵ ( ) Ʈ, Ʈ, Ǵ Ʈ ϴ 翡 ̴. Ʈ ϴµ ִ.
15.7 Mixing and Matching Binary Distributions ڸ transport agent delivery agent ǥ̶ , "¥ 丮 " ͵ . , ý (USENET , , TCP/IP) delivery α (rmail), α(sendmail Ǵ smail) ġ ϴ Ȯ ʿ䰡 ִ. strings Ŀǵ带 Ͽ, ϰ 丮 ϰ ִ ұϰ, Ϲ ȭ Ǿ ʴ. 츮 Ϲ ִ ̳ʸ ǰ ҽ ߿ ̴.
Ŭ̾Ʈ ҽ buildϸ鼭 ϴ , Ϲ Ʈũ ɾ װ ̰ Ѵ.
15.8 Where to Get More Information sendmail ã ִ ó ηִ. Ѵٸ, comp.answers Ǵ Linux MAIL Howto . װ rtfm.mit.edu anonymous FTPε ִ. Ҵ sendmail+IDA ҽ̴. ҽ 丮 ida/cf 丮 DBM-GUIDE, OPTIONS, Sendmail.mc ̴.
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Other Chapters
1. Introduction to Networking | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appendix
A. A Null Printer Cable for PLIP |