A: As of 18 Sept 1997, it is "2.0.30 + pre-9 2.0.31 + Werner Fink's swapping patch + the alpha RAID patch". As of November 1997, it is 2.0.31 + ... !?
A:/usr/include/linux
¸¦/usr/src/linux/include/linux
À¸·Î ½Éº¼¸¯ ¸µÅ©¸¦ °É¾î¶ó.raid5.c
µîÀÇ »õÆÄÀÏÀ» Á¦´ë·Î µÈ À§Ä¡·Î º¹»çÇ϶ó. ¶§¶§·Î ÆÐÄ¡ ¸í·É¾î´Â »õ·Î¿î ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µéÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ÆÐÄ¡½Ã-f
¿É¼ÇÀ» »ç¿ëÇغ¸¶ó.Make sure that
/usr/include/linux
is a symbolic link to/usr/src/linux/include/linux
.Make sure that the new files
raid5.c
, etc. have been copied to their correct locations. Sometimes the patch command will not create new files. Try the-f
flag onpatch
.
A: raidtools-0.42´Â ftp://ftp.inria.fr/INRIA/Projects/cristal/Xavier.Leroy ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â linuxthreads-0.6À» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, glibc v2.0µµ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.raidtools-0.42 requires linuxthreads-0.6 from: ftp://ftp.inria.fr/INRIA/Projects/cristal/Xavier.Leroy Alternately, use glibc v2.0.
mdrun -a /dev/md0: Invalid argument
A: ù¹ø° »ç¿ëÇϱâ Àü¿¡mkraid
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© RAID¸¦ ÃʱâÈ ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.Use
mkraid
to initialize the RAID set prior to the first use.mkraid
ensures that the RAID array is initially in a consistent state by erasing the RAID partitions. In addition,mkraid
will create the RAID superblocks.
mdrun -a /dev/md0: Invalid argument
¼³Á¤Àº.
cat /proc/mdstat
¸¦ ÇÏ¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.
Personalities : read_ahead not set md0 : inactive sda1 sdb1 6313482 blocks md1 : inactive md2 : inactive md3 : inactive
mdrun -a
·Î ¿À·ù¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇغ¸¸é..
/dev/md0: Invalid argument
ÀÌ·± ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.A:lsmod
(¶Ç´Âcat /proc/modules
)·Î raid ¸ðµâÀÌ ·ÎµåµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇضó. ·ÎµåµÇ¾îÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù¸é,modprobe raid1
¶Ç´Âmodprobe raid5
·Î È®½ÇÈ÷ ·Îµå½ÃÄѶó. ¶Ç´Â autoloader¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é,/etc/conf.modules
¿¡ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ÁÙÀ» Ãß°¡½ÃÄѶó.alias md-personality-3 raid1 alias md-personality-4 raid5Try
lsmod
(or, alternately,cat /proc/modules
) to see if the raid modules are loaded. If they are not, you can load them explicitly with themodprobe raid1
ormodprobe raid5
command. Alternately, if you are using the autoloader, and expectedkerneld
to load them and it didn't this is probably because your loader is missing the info to load the modules. Edit/etc/conf.modules
and add the following lines:
alias md-personality-3 raid1 alias md-personality-4 raid5
mdadd -a
ÀÇ ½ÇÇàÁß /dev/md0: No such file or directory
¿Í °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. Á¤¸» ¾îµð¿¡µµ /dev/md0
°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ±î¿ä?
A: raid-tools´Â ·çÆ®°¡make install
ÇßÀ» ¶§, ÀÌ ÀåÄ¡µéÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.cd /dev ./MAKEDEV mdThe raid-tools package will create these devices when you run
make install
as root. Alternately, you can do the following:cd /dev ./MAKEDEV md
/dev/md0
¿¡ RAID¸¦ ¸¸µç ÈÄ mount ½Ãµµ½Ã¿¡ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¿¡·¯°¡
³³´Ï´Ù. ¹«¾ùÀÌ ¹®Á¦ÀԴϱî?
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0,
or too many mounted file systems
.
A: ¸¶¿îÆ® ÇϱâÀü¿¡ ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.mke2fs
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇ϶ó.You need to create a file system on
/dev/md0
before you can mount it. Usemke2fs
.
mkraid
·Î RAID-1À» À§ÇØ °¢°¢ÀÇ ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ» Áö¿ì´Â Áß.
ÄÜ¼Ö»ó¿¡ "Cannot allocate free page"
ÀÌ·± ¿¡·¯°¡ ³ª°í, system log¿¡
"Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ..."
ÀÌ·± ¿¡·¯°¡ ³³´Ï´Ù.
Truxton Fulton wrote:
On my Linux 2.0.30 system, while doing amkraid
for a RAID-1 device, during the clearing of the two individual partitions, I got"Cannot allocate free page"
errors appearing on the console, and"Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ..."
errors in the system log. At this time, the system became quite unusable, but it appears to recover after a while. The operation appears to have completed with no other errors, and I am successfully using my RAID-1 device. The errors are disconcerting though. Any ideas?
A: ±×°ÍÀº 2.0.30 kernelÀÇ ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¹ö±×ÀÌ´Ù. 2.0.31·Î ¼öÁ¤Çϰųª 2.0.29·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¶ó.This was a well-known bug in the 2.0.30 kernels. It is fixed in the 2.0.31 kernel; alternately, fall back to 2.0.29.
mdadd
µÈ ÀåÄ¡¸¦ mdrun
ÇÏ·Á°í Çϸé,
¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.
''invalid raid superblock magic
''.
A:mkraid
¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇ϶ó.Make sure that you've run the
mkraid
part of the install procedure.
/dev/md0
À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, Ä¿³ÎÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº
¿¡·¯µéÀ» ½ñ¾Æ³À´Ï´Ù.
md0: device not running, giving up !
, I/O error...
Àü, °¡»ó device¿¡ Á¦ device¸¦ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î Ãß°¡½ÃÄ×¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
When I access /dev/md0
, the kernel spits out a
lot of errors like md0: device not running, giving up !
and I/O error...
. I've successfully added my devices to
the virtual device.
A: »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ device´Â ½ÇÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.mdrun -px /dev/md0
¸¦ »ç¿ëÇ϶ó. x´Â RAID levelÀÌ´Ù.To be usable, the device must be running. Use
mdrun -px /dev/md0
where x is l for linear, 0 for RAID-0 or 1 for RAID-1, etc.
cat /proc/mdstat
·Î´Â ÃÑÅ©±â°¡ ³ª¿ÀÁö¸¸,
df
¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î´Â ù¹ø° µð½ºÅ©ÀÇ Å©±â¹Û¿¡ ¾È³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.
I've created a linear md-dev with 2 devices.
cat /proc/mdstat
shows
the total size of the device, but df
only shows the size of the first
physical device.
A: óÀ½ »ç¿ëÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ãmkfs
¸¦ ½ÇÇà¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.You must
mkfs
your new md-dev before using it the first time, so that the filesystem will cover the whole device.
/etc/mdtab
¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í ,mdadd
, mdrun
,fsck
µîÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ, µÎ°³ÀÇ /dev/mdX
ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
reboot Çϱâ Àü±îÁö ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ ±¦Âú¾Æ º¸¿´Áö¸¸, reboot ÇÒ¶§, µÎ ÆÄƼ¼Ç¿¡¼ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº fsck
°¡ ³µÀ¾´Ï´Ù. fsck.ext2: Attempt to read block from filesystem resulted in short
read while trying too open /dev/md0
¿Ö ±×·¸°í ¾î¶»°Ô °íÃÄ¾ß Çϳª¿ä?
I've set up /etc/mdtab
using mdcreate, I've
mdadd
'ed, mdrun
and fsck
'ed
my two /dev/mdX
partitions. Everything looks
okay before a reboot. As soon as I reboot, I get an
fsck
error on both partitions: fsck.ext2: Attempt to read block from filesystem resulted in short
read while trying too open /dev/md0
. Why?! How do
I fix it?!
A: ºÎÆà ÀÛ¾÷½Ã RAID ÆÄƼ¼ÇµéÀºfsck
ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã ½ÃÀ۵Ǿî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.fsck
´Â/etc/rc.d/rc.S
¶Ç´Â/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
¿¡¼ ºÒ·ÁÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀϵéÀÇfsck -A
Àü¿¡mdadd -ar
¸¦ Ãß°¡Çضó.
During the boot process, the RAID partitions must be started
before they can be fsck
'ed. This must be done
in one of the boot scripts. For some distributions,
fsck
is called from /etc/rc.d/rc.S
, for others,
it is called from /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
. Change this
file to mdadd -ar
*before* fsck -A
is executed. Better yet, it is suggested that
ckraid
be run if mdadd
returns with an
error. How do do this is discussed in greater detail in
question 14 of the section ''Error Recovery''.
invalid raid superblock magic
A: ÀÌ ¹ö±×´Â ÇöÀç °íÃÄÁ³´Ù.(97³â 9¿ù) ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ raid¹öÁ®À» »ç¿ëÇضó.This bug is now fixed. (September 97) Make sure you have the latest raid code.
Warning: could not write 8 blocks in inode table starting at 2097175
A: ÀÌ°ÍÀºmke2fs
ÀÇ ¹®Á¦ °°´Ù. Àӽ÷Π¼Ò½º¿¡¼e2fsprogs-1.10/lib/ext2fs/llseek.c
ÆÄÀÏÀÇ Ã¹#ifdef HAVE_LLSEEK
Àü¿¡#undef HAVE_LLSEEK
¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÑÈÄ mke2fs¸¦ ÀçÄÄÆÄÀÏÇؼ »ç¿ëÇ϶ó.This seems to be a problem with
mke2fs
(November 97). A temporary work-around is to get the mke2fs code, and add#undef HAVE_LLSEEK
toe2fsprogs-1.10/lib/ext2fs/llseek.c
just before the first#ifdef HAVE_LLSEEK
and recompile mke2fs.
ckraid
°¡ /etc/mdtab
¸¦ ÀÐÁö ¸øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
A:/etc/mdtab
¾ÈÀÇ RAID-0 / linear RAID ¼³Á¤Àº ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ°í, Á»´õ ÈÄ¿¡¾ß Áö¿ø µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù./etc/raid1.conf
µîÀÇ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀϵéÀ» »ç¿ëÇ϶ó.The RAID0/linear configuration file format used in
/etc/mdtab
is obsolete, although it will be supported for a while more. The current, up-to-date config files are currently named/etc/raid1.conf
, etc.
raid1.o
) °°Àº ¸ðµâµéÀÌ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ·ÎµåµÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
mdrun Àü¿¡ ¼öµ¿À¸·Î modprobe¸¦ ½ÇÇà½ÃÄÑ¾ß Çϴµ¥, ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌ°ÍÀ» °íÃÄ¾ß ÇÒ±î¿ä?
A:/etc/conf.modules
¿¡ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ÁÙÀ» Ãß°¡Çضó.alias md-personality-3 raid1 alias md-personality-4 raid5To autoload the modules, we can add the following to
/etc/conf.modules
:alias md-personality-3 raid1 alias md-personality-4 raid5
mdadd
ÇÑ ÈÄ, mdrun -p5 /dev/md0
½Ãµµ ÇßÁö¸¸, ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¿À·ù°¡ ³ª¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù.
/dev/md0: Invalid argument
A: software RAIDÀÇ ±âº»¼³Á¤ 8°³ÀÌ´Ù.linux/md.h
ÀÇ#define MAX_REAL=8
¸¦ Å©°Ô ¹Ù²ÛÈÄ, Ä¿³ÎÀ» ÀçÄÄÆÄÀÏ Ç϶ó.The default configuration for software RAID is 8 real devices. Edit
linux/md.h
, change#define MAX_REAL=8
to a larger number, and rebuild the kernel.
I can't make md
work with partitions on our
latest SPARCstation 5. I suspect that this has something
to do with disk-labels.
A: Sun ÀÇ µð½ºÅ© ¶óº§Àº ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀÇ Ã¹ 1K ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. RAID-1¿¡¼´Â ext2fs ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀÌ ¸ðµç ¶óº§À» ¹«½Ã ÇÒ °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾øÁö¸¸, ´Ù¸¥ ·¹º§µé¿¡ °üÇؼ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ÇØ°áµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.Sun disk-labels sit in the first 1K of a partition. For RAID-1, the Sun disk-label is not an issue since
ext2fs
will skip the label on every mirror. For other raid levels (0, linear and 4/5), this appears to be a problem; it has not yet (Dec 97) been addressed.