CPU Design HOW-TO

Al (Alavoor Vasudevan) Dev

alavoor@yahoo.com

¹ÚÁ¾¼ö

clhitter@bawi.org

¼Û¹Î±â

tempest@bawi.org

v10.0, 9/Feb/2001

CPU´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ "µÎ³ú"ÀÌ°í, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ÇÙ½É ºÎÇ°À̸ç, Linux³ª Windows µîÀÇ ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦µé°ú´Â "»çÃÌ ÇüÁ¦"¿Í °°Àº Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼­´Â CPU¸¦ ¼³°èÇÏ°í Á¦Á¶ÇÒ È¸»ç, »ç¾÷°¡, ´ëÇÐ, ¿¬±¸¼Òµé¿¡°Ô µµ¿òÀ» ÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °øÇÐÀ» °øºÎÇÏ´Â ´ëÇлýµé¿¡°Ôµµ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô ¾²ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼­´Â CPU°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¼³°èµÇ°í Á¦Á¶µÇ´ÂÁö¸¦ ÇлýµéÀÌ ÀÌÇØÇϴµ¥ ¸¹Àº µµ¿òÀ» ÁÙ URL ¸µÅ©µéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ºü¸¥ ½ÃÀϳ»¿¡ Linux, Unix, Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac, BeOS µîÀÇ ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦µéÀÌ ±¸µ¿µÇ´Â GNU/GPLed CPU°¡ ³ª¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù!!


차례
1. 1. ¼Ò°³
2. 2. IP¶õ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡?
2.1. 2.1 Free CPU List
2.2. 2.2 »ó¾÷¿ë CPU ¸®½ºÆ®
3. 3. CPU ¹Ú¹°°ü°ú ½Ç¸®ÄÜ µ¿¹°¿ø
3.1. 3.1 ¾î¶»°Ô Æ®·£Áö½ºÅÍ°¡ µ¿ÀÛÇϴ°¡?
3.2. 3.2 ¾î¶»°Ô Æ®·£Áö½ºÅÍ°¡ Á¤º¸¸¦ ó¸®Çϴ°¡?
3.3. 3.3 binary Á¤º¸ Ç¥Çö
3.4. 3.4 ¹ÝµµÃ¼(Semi-conductor)¶õ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡?
4. 4. CPU ¼³°è¿Í ±¸Á¶
4.1. 4.1 CPU ¼³°è
4.2. 4.2 ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ Á¶Á÷·Ð¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ±³°ú¼­µé
4.3. 4.3 ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ Á¶Á÷·Ð ´ëÇÐ °­ÀÇ ³ëÆ®
4.4. 4.4 CPU ±¸Á¶
4.5. 4.5 CPU ¼³°è¿¡ °üÇÑ À¯½º³Ý ´º½º ±×·ìµé
5. 5. CPU Á¦Á¶
5.1. 5.1 ¹ÝµµÃ¼ Á¦Á¶¾÷Àº ¼ö½ÊÁ¶ ´Þ·¯ ±Ô¸ðÀÌ´Ù!!
5.2. 5.2 CPU Á¦Á¶
6. 6. Super Computer Architecture
6.1. 6.1 Main Architectural Classes
6.2. 6.2 SISD machines
6.3. 6.3 SIMD machines
6.4. 6.4 MISD machines
6.5. 6.5 MIMD machines
6.6. 6.6 Distributed Processing Systems
6.7. 6.7 ccNUMA machines
7. 7. Neural Network Processors
8. 8. °ü·ÃµÈ °÷ÀÇ URLµé
9. 9. ÀÌ ¹®¼­°¡ Á¦°ø µÇ´Â Çü½Ä
10. 10. Copyright

1. 1. ¼Ò°³

ÀÌ ¹®¼­´Â ¿©·¯ºÐµé¿¡°Ô CPU ¼³°è¿Í Á¦Á¶¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹æ´ëÇÑ URL ¸®½ºÆ®µéÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Çлý, ȸ»ç, ´ëÇÐ, »ç¾÷°¡µéÀº À̸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Linux³ª Unix ¿î¿µÃ¼Á¦¸¦ ±¸µ¿ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î CPU¸¦ ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¿¹Àü¿¡´Â, Ĩ Á¦Á¶È¸»çµéÀÌ IP °³¹ßÀÚÀÌÀÚ, EDA tool °³¹ßÀÚ¿´´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ µé¾î, ¿ì¸®´Â Àü¹®È­µÈ Á¦Á¶ ȸ»çµé (TSMC http://www.tsmc.com), IP ȸ»çµé (ARM http://www.arm.com, MIPS http://www.mips.com, Gray Research LLC http://cnets.sourceforge.net/grllc.html ), tool °³¹ß»çµé ( Mentor http://www.mentor.com, Cadence http://www.cadence.com, etc.), ±×¸®°í À̵éÀ» ¸ðµÎ °¡Áö°í Àִ ȸ»ç (Intel)µéÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀº IP¸¦ Çϵå¿þ¾î¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ÇüÅ·Π»ì ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í (Intel), Åø°ú °°ÀÌ »ì ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í (EDA companies), IP ¸¸À» °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸ÀÔÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù (IP providers).

FPGA [1] Á¦Á¶ ȸ»çµé ȨÆäÀÌÁö (Xilinx http://www.xilinx.com, Altera [2] http://www.altera.com). ÀÌ »çÀÌÆ®µéÀ» ¹æ¹®Çغ¸´Â °ÍÀº µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ »ç¾÷ ¸ðµ¨À» Æ÷ÂøÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÁÁÀº ±âȸ°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

VA Linux systems http://www.valinux.com Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛ Àüü¸¦ ±¸ÃàÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °¡±î¿î ½ÃÀϳ»¿¡ Linux ¿ëÀÇ CPU¸¦ ¼³°èÇÏ°í Á¦Á¶ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.

¾Æ·¡ÀÇ CPU ¼³°è »çÀÌÆ®µéÀ» ¹æ¹®ÇØ º¸¶ó:

주석

[1]

Field Programmable Gate Array, Xilinx¿¡¼­ ¸¸µå´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ °¡´ÉÇÑ ³í¸®È¸·Î

[2]

MAX, FLEX seriesµîÀÇ PLD(Programmable Logic Device)¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â ȸ»ç

[3]

Reduced Instruction Set Computing. Instruction ¼ö¸¦ ÁÙÀÌ°í registerÀÇ ¼ö¸¦ ´Ã¸° CPU design ¹æ½Ä